Elon Musk
Photo: Debbie Rowe / The Royal Society, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
Photo credits
Photographs retain their attribution. Portraits are real photographs displayed in black and white. The Varvara photograph has been straightened and cropped. Diagrams explain the subject and are labelled in the language of each edition.
Sam Altman
Photo: Village Global, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
Dario Amodei
Photo: Kimberly White / Getty Images for TechCrunch, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
Jensen Huang
Photo: Anders Eidesvik, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
ISS and Earth
NASA / STS-132 crew, 23 May 2010. Public domain. Archive illustration, not Project Suncatcher.
Ivan Davydov
Photograph selected by the site owner from Ivan Davydov’s profile. Cropped and displayed in black and white. No public reuse licence is stated.
Original image sourceSee the source and credit above for usage conditions.
Amazon vegetation / NASA
Jacques Descloitres, MODIS Land Rapid Response Team, NASA/GSFC / Wikimedia Commons. Public domain.
Space communications / NASA
NASA/JPL / Wikimedia Commons. Public domain.
Computing infrastructure / CERN
Florian Hirzinger / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
Unitree G1
Sayanesy / Wikimedia Commons, CC0 1.0.
Moscow City
Niklitov / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.
Collaborative development
Fundación Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes / Wikimedia Commons, CC0 1.0.
DJI Mavic 3
HKesteloo / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.
Wang Xingxing
China News Service / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 3.0.
DJI Dock 3
© DJI. Official Dock 3 announcement, 27 February 2025. No Creative Commons or public-domain licence is stated.
Original image sourceSee the source and credit above for usage conditions.
DJI FlyCart 100 / Everest
© DJI. Official material dated 9 July 2026. No Creative Commons or public-domain licence is stated.
Original image sourceSee the source and credit above for usage conditions.
Music / headphones
Corey Blaz / Wikimedia Commons / CC0 1.0 Cropped and displayed in black and white.
Storage / hard drive
© Raimond Spekking / CC BY-SA 4.0 (via Wikimedia Commons) Cropped and displayed in black and white.
Sber headquarters
MBH / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY 4.0 Cropped and displayed in black and white.
Skolkovo Technopark
Timur Venkov / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY 3.0 Cropped and displayed in black and white.
PR2 research robot
Oleg Alexandrov / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 3.0 Cropped and displayed in black and white.
Learning to code
Preply.com Images (preply.com) / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY 2.0 Cropped and displayed in black and white.
KUKA manipulator / CERN
Maximilien Brice / CERN / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY 4.0 Cropped and displayed in black and white.
Intel Core i7-12700KF
Jacek Halicki / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 4.0 Cropped and displayed in black and white.
Varvara
Varvara project photograph. Perspective straightened and framing cropped with imagegen for publication.
Original image sourceSee the source and credit above for usage conditions.
Demis Hassabis
Photo: The Royal Society / Duncan.Hull, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons. Resized; cropped and displayed in black and white in the card. The stated licence is retained.
Fei-Fei Li
Photo: ITU Pictures, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons. Resized; cropped and displayed in black and white in the card. The stated licence is retained.
Lisa Su
Photo: Fuzheado, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons. Resized; cropped and displayed in black and white in the card. The stated licence is retained.
Satya Nadella
Photo: Brian Smale and Microsoft, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons. Resized; cropped and displayed in black and white in the card. The stated licence is retained.
Ilya Sutskever
Photo: Steve Jurvetson, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons. Resized; cropped and displayed in black and white in the card. The stated licence is retained.
Andrej Karpathy
Photo: Gladwin Analytics, CC BY 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons. Resized; cropped and displayed in black and white in the card. The stated licence is retained.
Arkady Volozh
Photo: Mark David, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons. Resized; cropped and displayed in black and white in the card. The stated licence is retained.
Dmitry Grishin
Photo: Vaughn Ridley / Collision / Sportsfile, via Collision Conf, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons. Resized; cropped and displayed in black and white in the card. The stated licence is retained.
Robin Li
Photo: Kevin Krejci, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons. Resized; cropped and displayed in black and white in the card. The stated licence is retained.
Pony Ma
Photo: 中国新闻网 / China News Service, CC BY 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons. Resized; cropped and displayed in black and white in the card. The stated licence is retained.
YubiKey hardware authentication token
Photo: Jonathan Molina, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons. Resized version under the same licence.
Two technicians stand in front of the assembled Roman telescope in a NASA clean room.
Archive photo: the assembled Roman telescope at Goddard Space Flight Center, November 25, 2025. Photo: NASA/Jolearra Tshiteya. Resized and converted to WebP without retouching.
The Themis demonstrator stands on its test pad at Esrange Space Center.
Themis during its second wet dress rehearsal at Esrange, Sweden, September 29, 2026. Photo: SSC Space. Resized and converted to WebP without retouching.
A small SunRISE satellite on a vibration test table, with two engineers working behind glass.
Archive photo: vibration testing of a SunRISE satellite at Space Dynamics Laboratory, October 2025. Photo: Space Dynamics Laboratory/Allison Bills. Resized and converted to WebP without retouching.
Engineers guide the crane-suspended Griffin-1 lunar lander into a thermal vacuum chamber.
Griffin-1 is positioned inside JPL’s 25-Foot Space Simulator on August 31, 2026. Photo: NASA/JPL-Caltech. Resized and converted to WebP without retouching.
Researcher Yi Lin holds a small coin-cell battery beside testing equipment.
NASA Langley researcher Yi Lin holds a SPEARS cell after thermal vacuum testing. Photo published October 14, 2026. Photo: NASA/Ryan Hill. Resized and converted to WebP without retouching.
Two researchers install the CASALS instrument inside a NASA B-200 King Air aircraft.
Archive photo from NASA’s Summer 2025 newsletter: Wei Lu (left) and Guangning Yang install CASALS in a B-200 King Air. Resized and converted to WebP without retouching.
A white Yandex delivery robot with a red flag beside a pedestrian crossing.
A Yandex delivery robot in Moscow, March 28, 2023. Archive photo: Kirill Borisenko / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Resized and converted to WebP without retouching.
Panellists on the stage at Kazan Digital Week 2025 in front of a large screen.
Kazan Digital Week 2025. Archive photo: Life Safety Research Centre, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences / tatarstan.ru, CC BY 4.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Dario Amodei, right, talks with Devin Coldewey on the TechCrunch Disrupt stage.
Dario Amodei at TechCrunch Disrupt, September 20, 2023. Photo: Kimberly White / Getty Images for TechCrunch, CC BY 2.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Labelled network cables and status lights on Wikimedia server equipment.
Wikimedia server equipment, 2015. Photo: Victor Grigas / Wikimedia Foundation, CC BY-SA 3.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
An open computer case, hard drives and a data examination screen in a cybercrime laboratory.
A digital-media examination workstation at the ICE Cyber Crimes Center. Archive photo: Josh Denmark / DHS. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Bruges Embankment in Yoshkar-Ola, viewed from Patriarchal Square across the Malaya Kokshaga River.
Bruges Embankment, Yoshkar-Ola, July 2025. Archive photo: Dmitry Sazanov / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
A teal Digit humanoid robot holds a grey plastic tote.
Digit holding a tote. Studio photograph from the Agility Robotics press kit. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
A cleanroom technician uses a flashlight to inspect solar cells on NEO Surveyor’s large sunshade.
Inspecting NEO Surveyor’s solar cells at BAE Systems, July 2026. Photo: BAE Systems Space & Mission Systems. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
A cleanroom technician installs Dragonfly’s navigation camera among the spacecraft’s wiring and thermal insulation.
Installing a Dragonfly navigation camera at APL, August 19, 2026. Photo: NASA/Johns Hopkins APL/Ed Whitman. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
The Blue Moon Mark 1 lander inside NASA’s circular thermal-vacuum chamber.
The Blue Moon Mark 1 cargo lander in NASA’s test chamber in Houston. Archive photo published in May 2026. Photo: NASA. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
The rocky ancient river channel of Neretva Vallis on Mars, with parts of Perseverance visible at the panorama’s edges.
Neretva Vallis on Mars: an enhanced-color Perseverance panorama captured May 20, 2024. Photo: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU/MSSS. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Two press operators check printed sheets beside a Komori offset press.
Watermark Press, San Francisco, June 2016. Photo: David Peters / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
A COPE workshop technician assembles an orthotic device at a workbench.
The COPE prosthetics and orthotics workshop, March 2011. Photo: Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade / www.dfat.gov.au, CC BY 4.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Children work at desktop computers in a Kvantorium technology centre.
A Kvantorium computer classroom, February 2020. Photo: Anna Gnatenko / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Tank wagons in the Godorf classification yard in front of an illuminated industrial complex.
Godorf classification yard and an industrial complex in Cologne, May 2018. Photo: Martin Falbisoner / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
The Yandex office facade in Moscow's Krasnaya Roza business quarter.
Yandex's Moscow office, May 2019. Archive photo: WikiFido / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
An aerial view of Eurogate and Burchardkai container terminals in the Port of Hamburg.
Container terminals in the Port of Hamburg, August 2024. Photo: Carsten Steger / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Network switches and connected cables in a Wikimedia equipment rack.
Wikimedia network equipment, July 2012. Photo: Helpameout / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Mira supercomputer racks and an engineer in the machine room.
The Mira supercomputer at Argonne National Laboratory, 2013. Photo: Argonne National Laboratory / U.S. Department of Energy. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Dario Amodei speaks on stage at TechCrunch Disrupt.
Dario Amodei at TechCrunch Disrupt, September 2023. Photo: Kimberly White / Getty Images for TechCrunch. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Two specialists inspect network traffic on a NIKSUN equipment display.
NIKSUN network equipment testing at Fort Gordon, January 2016. Photo: Ashley M. Cohen / U.S. Army. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Voting booths at a polling station in Washington, DC.
A polling station in Washington, DC, 5 November 2024. Photo: OSCE Parliamentary Assembly. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Tencent Seafront Towers in Shenzhen, viewed from the street.
Tencent headquarters in Shenzhen, June 2026. Photo: Chainwit. / Wikimedia Commons. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Power station control panels with meters, switches and a telephone.
A power station control room, 2015. Archive photo: Magnetic Rahim. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
The OpenAI office building on Third Street in San Francisco.
OpenAI’s office at 1515 Third Street in San Francisco, June 2025. Photo: Coolcaesar / Wikimedia Commons. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
YubiKey security keys alongside ordinary keys and YubiKey 5C NFC packaging.
A YubiKey 5C NFC hardware security key, 2023. Photo: Daniel Aleksandersen. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Researcher Peter Zalupski uses a pipette inside a glovebox at Idaho National Laboratory.
Peter Zalupski at Idaho National Laboratory, 2012. Archive laboratory photograph: INL, CC BY 2.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
A silver 2022 Mac Studio computer viewed from above and in front.
A 2022 Mac Studio. Archive photograph of a single computer: Yasu / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
A compact NVIDIA DGX Spark computer with a gold-coloured front panel rests on a wooden surface.
NVIDIA DGX Spark, May 2026. Hardware photograph: Daniel Lu / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
A National Cancer Institute scientist transfers a sample into a laboratory flask with a pipette.
National Cancer Institute laboratory in Frederick, Maryland, 2005. Archive photo: Diane A. Reid / NCI, public domain. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
A satellite image of Hurricane Dennis with a distinct eye and spiralling cloud bands over the Caribbean Sea.
Hurricane Dennis imaged by Terra’s MODIS instrument, July 7, 2005. Archive satellite imagery: NASA / Jeff Schmaltz. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Sundar Pichai sits at a table during a meeting at the European Commission in Brussels.
Sundar Pichai at the European Commission in Brussels, May 24, 2023. Archive photo: Lukasz Kobus / EU, CC BY 4.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
An ASUS ROG Zephyrus G14 laptop on an exhibition table beside a mouse and game controller.
ROG Zephyrus G14 GA403WR with GeForce RTX 5070 Ti at Tokyo Game Show 2025. Archive photo: RuinDig / Yuki Uchida, CC BY 4.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Visitors examine an ASUS server rack containing an NVIDIA GB200 NVL72 system at Computex.
NVIDIA GB200 NVL72 at Computex 2024. Archive frame from Geekerwan’s report, CC BY 3.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Google employees at desks with laptops in the Taipei 101 office.
Google’s Taipei 101 office, April 17, 2019. Archive photo: Wang Yu Ching / Office of the President, Taiwan, CC BY 2.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
The reverse side of an NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 circuit board with many electronic components.
NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090 circuit board, 2023. Archive visible-light macro photograph: Fritzchens Fritz, CC0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Sam Altman sits in an armchair on stage at TechCrunch Disrupt in San Francisco.
Sam Altman at TechCrunch Disrupt, October 3, 2019. Archive photo: Steve Jennings / Getty Images for TechCrunch, CC BY 2.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
The reference desk and reading area of the American University Washington College of Law library.
American University Washington College of Law library, June 2024. Archive photo: Tony Webster, CC BY 2.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
An aerial view of Intel fabrication facilities in Chandler, Arizona.
Intel fabrication facilities in Chandler, Arizona, 2007. Archive photo: neepster / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Close-up of Digit's head, with cameras, illuminated eyes and teal torso.
Digit's cameras and sensors. Studio photo from the Agility Robotics press kit. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Fans leave Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa.
Bryant–Denny Stadium, Alabama, April 2010. Archive photo: Carol M. Highsmith / Library of Congress. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
An H3 rocket lifts off above its launch pad amid exhaust and smoke beside the sea.
Archive photo: H3 launching Kirameki-3, November 4, 2024. Photo: nvs-live.com / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
The cratered surface of Phobos and large Stickney crater in an MRO image.
Phobos imaged by MRO on March 23, 2008, in enhanced color. NASA/JPL-Caltech/University of Arizona. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
A display windshield at Hesai's exhibition booth, surrounded by information about automotive lidar.
Lidar technology at Hesai's IAA Mobility booth in Munich, September 2025. Photo: Matti Blume / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Christina Koch works with plant-growing equipment aboard the International Space Station.
Christina Koch works with Veggie PONDS aboard the ISS, April 25, 2019. Archive photo: NASA. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Rows of compact apple trees carrying red and green fruit, supported by posts and wires.
An intensive apple orchard in Poland, 2006. Context photograph: Glysiak / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
AiMOGA's white Mobo robot on stage in front of a blue screen and stage lights.
Mobo at AiMOGA's launch event in Wuhu. Photo accompanying Chery's October 21, 2026 press release: CHERY AUTO / GlobeNewswire. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
Unitree G1 at left, Visionoid FOX in the center and Unitree Go2 at right on a Japan Mobility Show stage.
Unitree G1 at left on the Japan Mobility Show 2025 stage, alongside Visionoid FOX and Unitree Go2. Photo: RuinDig / Yuki Uchida, CC BY 4.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
A Long March 12 rocket lifts off from the coastal launch pad at Hainan's commercial spaceport.
Archive image: Long March 12 launching from Hainan, August 4, 2025. Video frame: China News Service / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0. Resized and converted to WebP; image content unchanged.
The Varvara digital curator display in a circular gold frame.
Varvara, the digital curator for the Old Moscow exhibition centre. Resized and converted to WebP.
Original image sourceSite-owner supplied material
The Sberbank headquarters building with its facade logo.
Sberbank headquarters, 2019. Photo: MBH, CC BY 4.0. Resized and converted to WebP.
The platters and read head of an opened Seagate hard drive.
A Seagate hard drive: data storage in detail. Photo: Raimond Spekking, CC BY-SA 4.0. Resized and converted to WebP.
A Unitree G1 humanoid robot at an exhibition.
Unitree G1 at UAV Expo 2024. Photo: Sayanesy, CC0. Resized and converted to WebP.
An open DJI Dock 3 station with a drone above it against mountains.
DJI Dock 3. Image from the February 27, 2025 launch announcement. © DJI. Resized and converted to WebP.
The International Space Station with its solar arrays above Earth.
The ISS above Earth, May 23, 2010. Photo: NASA / STS-132 crew. Resized and converted to WebP.
A cleanroom technician installs a Dragonfly navigation camera.
Installing a Dragonfly camera, August 19, 2026. Photo: NASA/Johns Hopkins APL/Ed Whitman. Resized and converted to WebP.
Researcher Maika Takita works on cryogenic equipment in an IBM Quantum laboratory.
Maika Takita in an IBM Quantum laboratory, 2020. Photo: Connie Zhou for IBM. Resized and converted to WebP.
Edited photographs of Musk and Huang retain their stated CC BY-SA licences. The orbit photograph is an archive NASA image. Editorial illustrations do not establish that the pictured equipment belongs to the company discussed.